AHCC- Active hexose correlated compound is a proprietary  japanese made from fermented Shiitake & other mushrooms

Benegene-Oxaloacetate is an intermediate of the Kreb’s cycle that binds to acetyl-CoA in the formation of citrate. A depletion of oxaloacetate relative to acetyl-CoA is the key step for the production of ketone bodies within the liver.

Oxaloacetate is known to be a glutamate scavenger^{Zlotnik A1, et al. The neuroprotective effects of oxaloacetate in closed head injury in rats is mediated by its blood glutamate scavenging activity: evidence from the use of maleate.}

J Neurosurg Anesthesiol (2009)” data-persistent=”true” data-original-title=””>[4]  Injections of large doses (1mM in rodents) of either oxaloacetate or pyruvate can reduce serum glutamate by 30-40%, causing glutamate to flow from cerebrospinal fluid into peripheral circulation (indicative of reduced glutamate retained in neural tissue).^{Gottlieb M1, Wang Y, Teichberg VI. Blood-mediated scavenging of cerebrospinal fluid glutamate.}

J Neurochem (2003)” data-persistent=”true” data-original-title=””>[6]

Oxaloacetate’s effects on glutamate appear to be concentration dependent, with maximal effects at 1M (1,000mM) and no effects at 0.01M (10mM).^{Zlotnik A1, et al. The neuroprotective effects of oxaloacetate in closed head injury in rats is mediated by its blood glutamate scavenging activity: evidence from the use of maleate.}

J Neurosurg Anesthesiol (2009)” data-persistent=”true” data-original-title=””>[4] This property has been shown to be active following peripheral injections of oxaloacetate in rat models of tramautic brain injury.^{Zlotnik A1, et al. Effect of glutamate and blood glutamate scavengers oxaloacetate and pyruvate on neurological outcome and pathohistology of the hippocampus after traumatic brain injury in rats.}

Anesthesiology (2012)” data-persistent=”true” data-original-title=””>[7]^{Zlotnik A1, et al. The contribution of the blood glutamate scavenging activity of pyruvate to its neuroprotective properties in a rat model of closed head injury.}

Neurochem Res (2008)” data-persistent=”true” data-original-title=””>[5]^{Zlotnik A1, et al. Effect of glutamate and blood glutamate scavengers oxaloacetate and pyruvate on neurological outcome and pathohistology of the hippocampus after traumatic brain injury in rats.}

Anesthesiology (2012)” data-persistent=”true” data-original-title=””>[7]

As an endogenous molecule, oxaloacetate can sequester glutamate and reduce its activities. This has been shown with injections of oxaloacetate in rats, but due to the high concentrations required it may not be a relevant mechanism for oral supplementation of oxaloacetate (studies using oral oxaloacetate currently do not exist on this topic)

Intraperitoneal injections of oxaloacetate (1-2g/kg) day subchronically appears to enhance mitochondrial biogenesis in the mouse brain.^{Wilkins HM1, et al. Oxaloacetate activates brain mitochondrial biogenesis, enhances the insulin pathway, reduces inflammation and stimulates neurogenesis.}

Hum Mol Genet (2014)” data-persistent=”true” data-original-title=””>[8]

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29533007/

Oxaloacetate induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells via inhibition of glycolysis

Most cancer cells perform glycolysis despite having sufficient oxygen. The specific metabolic pathways of cancer cells have become the focus of cancer treatment. Recently, accumulating evidence indicates oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis can be regulated with each other. Thus, we suggest that the glycolysis of cancer cells is inhibited by restoring or improving OXPHOS in cancer cells. In our study, we found that oxaloacetate (OA) induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells in vivo and in vitro. 

Beta Glucan-

Reishi-or Ganoderma lucidum, and its murderous effect on leukemic, lymphoma and MM cell lines.

Reishi is Ganoderma lucidum.  Extracts reduce IL-3, IL4 and NFkB